Add an example for 10.x swap files, clarify the existing examples for 9.x, use
procedure instead of orderedlist, and factor out common parts. PR: 190759 Submitted by: p5B2E9A8F@t-online.de
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2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
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1 changed files with 59 additions and 29 deletions
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@ -1483,7 +1483,7 @@ cron.* /var/log/cron
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<para>For more information on all fields, valid flags, and how
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to specify the rotation time, refer to &man.newsyslog.conf.5;.
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Since <application>newsyslog</application> is run from
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&man.cron.8;, it can not rotate files more often than it is
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&man.cron.8;, it cannot rotate files more often than it is
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scheduled to run from &man.cron.8;.</para>
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</sect2>
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@ -2757,55 +2757,85 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen>
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<sect2 xml:id="create-swapfile">
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<title>Creating a Swap File</title>
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<para>To instead create a swap file, specify its size. The
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following example creates a 64MB file named
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<filename>/usr/swap0</filename>.</para>
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<para>These examples create a 64M swap file
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called <filename>/usr/swap0</filename> instead
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of using a partition.</para>
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<example>
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<title>Creating a Swap File on &os;</title>
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<para>Using swap files requires that the module needed by
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&man.md.4; has either been built into the kernel or has been
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loaded before swap is enabled. See
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<xref linkend="kernelconfig"/> for information about building
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a custom kernel.</para>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel already
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includes the required memory disk driver. When building
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a custom kernel, make sure to include the following line
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in the custom configuration file:</para>
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<example xml:id="swapfile-10-and-later">
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<title>Creating a Swap File on &os; 10.<replaceable>X</replaceable> and Later</title>
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<programlisting>device md</programlisting>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Create the swap file:</para>
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<para>For information on building a custom kernel, refer
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to <xref linkend="kernelconfig"/>.</para>
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</listitem>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=<replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable> bs=1m count=<replaceable>64</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<listitem>
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<step>
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<para>Set the proper permissions on the new file:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>chmod 0600 <replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Inform the system about the swap file by adding a
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line to <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting>md99 none swap sw,file=/usr/swap0 0 0</programlisting>
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<para>The &man.md.4; device <filename>md99</filename> is
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used, leaving lower device numbers available for
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interactive use.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Swap space will be added on system startup. To add
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swap space immediately, use &man.swapon.8;:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>swapon -aq</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="swapfile-9-and-earlier">
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<title>Creating a Swap File on &os; 9.<replaceable>X</replaceable> and Earlier</title>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Create the swap file,
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<filename>/usr/swap0</filename>:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=<replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable> bs=1024k count=<replaceable>64</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</listitem>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=/dev/zero of=<replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable> bs=1m count=<replaceable>64</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<listitem>
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<para>Then, set proper permissions on
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<step>
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<para>Set the proper permissions on
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<filename>/usr/swap0</filename>:</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>chmod 0600 <replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</listitem>
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</step>
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<listitem>
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<step>
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<para>Enable the swap file in
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<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting>swapfile="<replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable>" # Set to name of swap file</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</step>
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<listitem>
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<para>To enable the swap file immediately, specify a free
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<step>
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<para>Swap space will be added on system startup. To enable the swap file immediately, specify a free
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memory device. Refer to <xref linkend="disks-virtual"/>
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for more information about memory devices.</para>
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<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mdconfig -a -t vnode -f <replaceable>/usr/swap0</replaceable> -u <replaceable>0</replaceable> && swapon /dev/md<replaceable>0</replaceable></userinput></screen>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</example>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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@ -2911,7 +2941,7 @@ kern.maxvnodes: 100000</screen>
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<para>In &os; the &man.acpi.4; driver is loaded by default at
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system boot and should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be compiled
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into the kernel. This driver can not be unloaded after boot
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into the kernel. This driver cannot be unloaded after boot
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because the system bus uses it for various hardware
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interactions. However, if the system is experiencing
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problems, <acronym>ACPI</acronym> can be disabled altogether
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