General tightening and cleanup of sections 26.1, 26.2, and 26.2.1.
- fix some acronyms along the way The example in 26.2.1 should be changed to use callouts. To be followed by a white space fix.
This commit is contained in:
Dru Lavigne
parent
44a2e216de
commit
8cb1dee25b
Notes:
svn2git
2020-12-08 03:00:23 +00:00
svn path=/head/; revision=43002
1 changed files with 106 additions and 172 deletions
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@ -36,14 +36,15 @@
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<itemizedlist>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>How to configure <acronym>PPP</acronym>.</para>
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<para>How to configure, use, and troubleshoot a
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<acronym>PPP</acronym> connection.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
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<para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over Ethernet
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(<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
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(<acronym>PPPoE</acronym>).</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over ATM
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<para>How to set up <acronym>PPP</acronym> over <acronym>ATM</acronym>
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(<acronym>PPPoA</acronym>).</para>
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(<acronym>PPPoA</acronym>).</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</itemizedlist>
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@ -106,7 +107,9 @@
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<title>Configuring <acronym>PPP</acronym></title>
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<title>Configuring <acronym>PPP</acronym></title>
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<para>In order to configure <acronym>PPP</acronym>, the following
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<para>&os; provides built-in support for managing dial-up
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<acronym>PPP</acronym> connections using &man.ppp.8;. In order
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to use a <acronym>PPP</acronym> connection, the following
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items are needed:</para>
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items are needed:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<itemizedlist>
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@ -130,35 +133,35 @@
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <acronym>IP</acronym> address of one or more name
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<para>The <acronym>IP</acronym> address of one or more <acronym>DNS</acronym>
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servers. Normally, an <acronym>ISP</acronym> provides these
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servers. Normally, the <acronym>ISP</acronym> provides these
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addresses. If not, use <command>enable dns</command> in
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addresses. If it did not, &os; can be configured to use
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<filename>ppp.conf</filename> and
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<acronym>DNS</acronym> negotiation.</para>
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<application>ppp</application> will set the name servers.
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This feature requires the <acronym>ISP</acronym> to
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supporting DNS negotiation.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>If any of the required information is missing, contact
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the <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
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<para>The following information may be supplied by the
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<para>The following information may be supplied by the
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<acronym>ISP</acronym>, but is not necessary:</para>
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<acronym>ISP</acronym>, but is not necessary:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the default
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<para>The <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the default
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gateway. If this information is missing the
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gateway. If this information is unknown, the
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<acronym>ISP</acronym>'s <acronym>PPP</acronym> server will
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<acronym>ISP</acronym> will automatically
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provide the correct value during connection setup.</para>
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provide the correct value during connection setup. When
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configuring <acronym>PPP</acronym> on &os;,
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<para>This <acronym>IP</acronym> number is referred to as
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this address is referred to as
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<literal>HISADDR</literal> by
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<literal>HISADDR</literal>.</para>
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<application>ppp</application>.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The subnet mask. If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has not
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<para>The subnet mask. If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has not
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provided one, use <hostid
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provided one, <hostid
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role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid>.</para>
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role="netmask">255.255.255.255</hostid> will be used in
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the &man.ppp.8; configuration file.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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@ -167,34 +170,32 @@
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</indexterm>
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</indexterm>
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<para>If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has assigned a static
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<para>If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has assigned a static
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<acronym>IP</acronym> address and hostname, enter it.
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<acronym>IP</acronym> address and hostname, it should be
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Otherwise, this information will be provided during
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input into the configuration file.
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Otherwise, this information will be automatically provided during
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connection setup.</para>
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connection setup.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>If any required information is missing, contact
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<para>The rest of this section demonstrates how to configure &os;
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the <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
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for common <acronym>PPP</acronym> connection
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scenarios. The required configuration file is
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<note>
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<filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> and additional files and
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<para>Throughout this section, many of the examples showing the
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examples are available in <filename
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contents of configuration files are numbered by line. These
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numbers serve to aid in the presentation and discussion only
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and are not meant to be placed in the actual file. Proper
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indentation with tab and space characters is also
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important.</para>
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</note>
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<para><command>ppp</command> uses the configuration files located
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in <filename class="directory">/etc/ppp</filename>. Examples
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can be found in <filename
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class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>
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class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.</para>
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<para>A number of files are edited when configuring
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<note>
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<command>ppp</command>. The edits
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<para>Throughout this section, many of the file examples
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depend to some extent on whether the <acronym>ISP</acronym>
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display line numbers. These line
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allocates <acronym>IP</acronym> addresses statically or
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numbers have been added to make it easier to follow the discussion
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dynamically.</para>
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and are not meant to be placed in the actual file.</para>
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<para>When editing a configuration file, proper
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indentation is
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important. Lines that end in a <literal>:</literal> start in the
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first column (beginning of the line) while all other lines
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should be indented as shown using spaces or tabs.</para>
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</note>
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<sect2 id="userppp-staticIP">
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<sect2 id="userppp-staticIP">
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<title>PPP With Static <acronym>IP</acronym> Addresses</title>
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<title>PPP With Static <acronym>IP</acronym> Addresses</title>
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@ -205,19 +206,13 @@
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addresses</secondary>
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addresses</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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</indexterm>
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<para>If the ISP has provided an address that does not change,
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<para>If the <acronym>ISP</acronym>, also known as the peer, has provided an address that does not change,
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edit <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> as described in
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edit <filename>/etc/ppp/ppp.conf</filename> as described in
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the example below.</para>
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the example below.</para>
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<note>
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<para>Lines that end in a <literal>:</literal> start in the
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first column (beginning of the line) while all other lines
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should be indented as shown using spaces or tabs.</para>
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</note>
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<programlisting>1 default:
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<programlisting>1 default:
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2 set log Phase Chat LCP IPCP CCP tun command
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2 set log Phase Chat LCP IPCP CCP tun command
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3 ident user-ppp VERSION (built COMPILATIONDATE)
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3 ident user-ppp VERSION
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4 set device /dev/cuau0
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4 set device /dev/cuau0
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5 set speed 115200
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5 set speed 115200
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6 set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \
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6 set dial "ABORT BUSY ABORT NO\\sCARRIER TIMEOUT 5 \
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@ -229,18 +224,17 @@
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12 set phone "(123) 456 7890"
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12 set phone "(123) 456 7890"
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13 set authname foo
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13 set authname foo
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14 set authkey bar
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14 set authkey bar
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15 set login "TIMEOUT 10 \"\" \"\" gin:--gin: \\U word: \\P col: ppp"
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15 set timeout 300
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16 set timeout 300
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16 set ifaddr <replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable>/0 <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable>/0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
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17 set ifaddr <replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0
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17 add default HISADDR</programlisting>
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18 add default HISADDR</programlisting>
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<variablelist>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Line 1:</term>
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<term>Line 1:</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Identifies the default entry. Commands in this
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<para>Identifies the <literal>default</literal> entry. Commands in this
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entry are executed automatically when ppp is
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entry (lines 2 through 9) are executed automatically when <command>ppp</command> is
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run.</para>
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run.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -249,14 +243,12 @@
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<term>Line 2:</term>
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<term>Line 2:</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Enables logging parameters. When the
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<para>Enables verbose logging parameters for testing the connection. Once the
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configuration is working satisfactorily, this line
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configuration is working satisfactorily, this line
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should be reduced to saying:</para>
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should be reduced to:</para>
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<programlisting>set log phase tun</programlisting>
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<programlisting>set log phase tun</programlisting>
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<para>in order to avoid excessive log file
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sizes.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -264,12 +256,9 @@
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<term>Line 3:</term>
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<term>Line 3:</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tells PPP how to identify itself to the peer.
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<para>Displays the version of &man.ppp.8; to the
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PPP identifies itself to the peer if it has any
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<acronym>PPP</acronym> software running on the other side of the
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trouble negotiating and setting up the link,
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connection.</para>
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providing information that the peers administrator
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may find useful when investigating such
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problems.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -278,7 +267,7 @@
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Identifies the device to which the modem is
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<para>Identifies the device to which the modem is
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connected. <devicename>COM1</devicename> is
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connected, where <devicename>COM1</devicename> is
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<filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau0</filename>
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<filename class="devicefile">/dev/cuau0</filename>
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and
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and
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<devicename>COM2</devicename> is
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<devicename>COM2</devicename> is
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@ -291,26 +280,23 @@
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<term>Line 5:</term>
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<term>Line 5:</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sets the speed you want to connect at. If
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<para>Sets the connection speed. If
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115200 does not work (it should with any reasonably
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<literal>115200</literal> does not work on an older modem,
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new modem), try 38400 instead.</para>
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try <literal>38400</literal> instead.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Line 6 & 7:</term>
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<term>Lines 6 & 7:</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The dial string. PPP uses an expect-send
|
<para>The dial string written as an expect-send
|
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syntax similar to the &man.chat.8; program. Refer
|
syntax. Refer to &man.chat.8; for more information.</para>
|
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to the manual page for information on the features
|
|
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of this language.</para>
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<para>Note that this command continues onto the next
|
<para>Note that this command continues onto the next
|
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line for readability. Any command in
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line for readability. Any command in
|
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<filename>ppp.conf</filename> may do this if the
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<filename>ppp.conf</filename> may do this if the
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last character on the line is a <literal>\</literal>
|
last character on the line is <literal>\</literal>.</para>
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character.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -318,9 +304,7 @@
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<term>Line 8:</term>
|
<term>Line 8:</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Sets the idle timeout for the link. 180 seconds
|
<para>Sets the idle timeout for the link in seconds.</para>
|
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is the default, so this line is purely
|
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cosmetic.</para>
|
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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@ -328,9 +312,9 @@
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<term>Line 9:</term>
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<term>Line 9:</term>
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|
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Tells PPP to ask the peer to confirm the local
|
<para>Instructs the peer to confirm the <acronym>DNS</acronym>
|
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resolver settings. If you run a local name server,
|
settings. If the local network is running its own <acronym>DNS</acronym> server,
|
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this line should be commented out or removed.</para>
|
this line should be commented out, by adding a <literal>#</literal> at the beginning of the line, or removed.</para>
|
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</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -339,7 +323,7 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>A blank line for readability. Blank lines are
|
<para>A blank line for readability. Blank lines are
|
||||||
ignored by PPP.</para>
|
ignored by &man.ppp.8;.</para>
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
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</varlistentry>
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|
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|
|
@ -347,8 +331,8 @@
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<term>Line 11:</term>
|
<term>Line 11:</term>
|
||||||
|
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||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>Identifies an entry for a provider called
|
<para>Identifies an entry called
|
||||||
<quote>provider</quote>. This could be changed
|
<literal>provider</literal>. This could be changed
|
||||||
to the name of the <acronym>ISP</acronym> so that
|
to the name of the <acronym>ISP</acronym> so that
|
||||||
<option>load
|
<option>load
|
||||||
<replaceable>ISP</replaceable></option> can be
|
<replaceable>ISP</replaceable></option> can be
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|
@ -360,35 +344,24 @@
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<term>Line 12:</term>
|
<term>Line 12:</term>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>Sets the phone number for this provider.
|
<para>Use the phone number for the <acronym>ISP</acronym>.
|
||||||
Multiple phone numbers may be specified using the
|
Multiple phone numbers may be specified using the
|
||||||
colon (<literal>:</literal>) or pipe character
|
colon (<literal>:</literal>) or pipe character
|
||||||
(<literal>|</literal>) as a separator. The
|
(<literal>|</literal>) as a separator. To rotate
|
||||||
difference between the two separators is described
|
|
||||||
in &man.ppp.8;. To summarize, to rotate
|
|
||||||
through the numbers, use a colon. To
|
through the numbers, use a colon. To
|
||||||
always attempt to dial the first number first and
|
always attempt to dial the first number first and
|
||||||
only use the other numbers if the first number
|
only use the other numbers if the first number
|
||||||
fails, use the pipe character. Always quote the
|
fails, use the pipe character. Always enclose the
|
||||||
entire set of phone numbers as shown.</para>
|
entire set of phone numbers between quotation
|
||||||
|
marks (<literal>"</literal>) to prevent dialing failures.</para>
|
||||||
<para>The phone number must be enclosed in quotation
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
marks (<literal>"</literal>) if there is any
|
|
||||||
intention on using spaces in the phone number.
|
|
||||||
This can cause a simple, yet subtle error.</para>
|
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<varlistentry>
|
<varlistentry>
|
||||||
<term>Line 13 & 14:</term>
|
<term>Lines 13 & 14:</term>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>Identifies the user name and password. When
|
<para>Use the user name and password for the <acronym>ISP</acronym>.</para>
|
||||||
connecting using a &unix; style login prompt, these
|
|
||||||
values are referred to by the <command>set
|
|
||||||
login</command> command using the \U and \P
|
|
||||||
variables. When connecting using PAP or CHAP, these
|
|
||||||
values are used at authentication time.</para>
|
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -396,55 +369,25 @@
|
||||||
<term>Line 15:</term>
|
<term>Line 15:</term>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>If <acronym>PAP</acronym> or
|
<para>Sets the default idle
|
||||||
<acronym>CHAP</acronym> are used, there will be no
|
timeout
|
||||||
login at this point, and this line should be
|
in seconds for the connection. In this example, the
|
||||||
commented out or removed. See <xref
|
connection will be closed automatically after 300
|
||||||
linkend="userppp-PAPnCHAP"/> for further
|
seconds of inactivity. To prevent a timeout,
|
||||||
details.</para>
|
set this value to zero.</para>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>The login string is of the same chat-like
|
|
||||||
syntax as the dial string. In this example, the
|
|
||||||
string works for a service whose login session looks
|
|
||||||
like this:</para>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<screen>J. Random Provider
|
|
||||||
login: <replaceable>foo</replaceable>
|
|
||||||
password: <replaceable>bar</replaceable>
|
|
||||||
protocol: ppp</screen>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>Alter this script to suit your
|
|
||||||
own needs. When writing this script for the first
|
|
||||||
time, ensure that
|
|
||||||
chat logging is enabled to help determine if
|
|
||||||
the conversation is going as expected.</para>
|
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<varlistentry>
|
<varlistentry>
|
||||||
<term>Line 16:</term>
|
<term>Line 16:</term>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>Sets the default idle
|
<para>Sets the interface addresses. The
|
||||||
timeout<indexterm><primary>timeout</primary></indexterm>
|
|
||||||
(in seconds) for the connection. Here, the
|
|
||||||
connection will be closed automatically after 300
|
|
||||||
seconds of inactivity. To prevent a timeout
|
|
||||||
timeout, set this value to zero or use the
|
|
||||||
<option>-ddial</option> command line switch.</para>
|
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<varlistentry>
|
|
||||||
<term>Line 17:</term>
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
|
||||||
<para>Sets the interface addresses. The string
|
|
||||||
<replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> should be
|
<replaceable>x.x.x.x</replaceable> should be
|
||||||
replaced by the <acronym>IP</acronym> address that
|
replaced by the static <acronym>IP</acronym> address that
|
||||||
the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has allocated. The
|
the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has allocated and the
|
||||||
string <replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> should be
|
<replaceable>y.y.y.y</replaceable> should be
|
||||||
replaced by the <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the
|
replaced by the <acronym>IP</acronym> address of the
|
||||||
gateway. If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has not
|
default gateway. If the <acronym>ISP</acronym> has not
|
||||||
provided a gateway address, use <hostid
|
provided a gateway address, use <hostid
|
||||||
role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>. When using a
|
role="netmask">10.0.0.2/0</hostid>. When using a
|
||||||
<quote>guessed</quote> address, create an entry in
|
<quote>guessed</quote> address, create an entry in
|
||||||
|
|
@ -456,35 +399,26 @@ protocol: ppp</screen>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<varlistentry>
|
<varlistentry>
|
||||||
<term>Line 18:</term>
|
<term>Line 17:</term>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<listitem>
|
<listitem>
|
||||||
<para>Adds a default route to the gateway. The
|
<para>Keep this line as-is as it adds a default route to the gateway. The
|
||||||
special word <literal>HISADDR</literal> is replaced
|
<literal>HISADDR</literal> will automatically be replaced
|
||||||
with the gateway address specified on line 17. It
|
with the gateway address specified on line 16. It
|
||||||
is important that this line appears after line 17,
|
is important that this line appears after line 16.</para>
|
||||||
otherwise <literal>HISADDR</literal> will not yet
|
|
||||||
be initialized.</para>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>When <option>-auto</option> is not used, this
|
<para>When <option>-auto</option> mode is not used to start the connection, this
|
||||||
line should be moved to the
|
line should be moved to
|
||||||
<filename>ppp.linkup</filename> file.</para>
|
<filename>ppp.linkup</filename>. Examples for this
|
||||||
</listitem>
|
file can be found in <filename
|
||||||
|
class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>.
|
||||||
|
However,
|
||||||
|
<filename>ppp.linkup</filename> is not needed when running &man.ppp.8; in
|
||||||
|
<option>-auto</option> mode as the routing table entries
|
||||||
|
are already correct.</para>
|
||||||
|
</listitem>
|
||||||
</varlistentry>
|
</varlistentry>
|
||||||
</variablelist>
|
</variablelist>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>It is not necessary to add an entry to
|
|
||||||
<filename>ppp.linkup</filename> when using a static
|
|
||||||
<acronym>IP</acronym> address and when running ppp in
|
|
||||||
<option>-auto</option> mode as the routing table entries
|
|
||||||
are already correct. However, an entry can be created to
|
|
||||||
invoke programs after connection. This is explained later
|
|
||||||
with the sendmail example.</para>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>Example configuration files can be found in the
|
|
||||||
<filename
|
|
||||||
class="directory">/usr/share/examples/ppp/</filename>
|
|
||||||
directory.</para>
|
|
||||||
</sect2>
|
</sect2>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect2 id="userppp-dynamicIP">
|
<sect2 id="userppp-dynamicIP">
|
||||||
|
|
@ -1618,19 +1552,19 @@ ppp_profile="name_of_service_provider"</programlisting>
|
||||||
</sect1>
|
</sect1>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<sect1 id="pppoa">
|
<sect1 id="pppoa">
|
||||||
<title>Using <application>PPP</application> over ATM
|
<title>Using <application>PPP</application> over <acronym>ATM</acronym>
|
||||||
(PPPoA)</title>
|
(PPPoA)</title>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<indexterm>
|
<indexterm>
|
||||||
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
|
<primary><acronym>PPP</acronym></primary>
|
||||||
<secondary>over ATM</secondary>
|
<secondary>over <acronym>ATM</acronym></secondary>
|
||||||
</indexterm>
|
</indexterm>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<indexterm>
|
<indexterm>
|
||||||
<primary>PPPoA</primary>
|
<primary>PPPoA</primary>
|
||||||
</indexterm>
|
</indexterm>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<para>The following describes how to set up PPP over ATM (PPPoA).
|
<para>The following describes how to set up PPP over <acronym>ATM</acronym> (PPPoA).
|
||||||
PPPoA is a popular choice among European DSL providers.</para>
|
PPPoA is a popular choice among European DSL providers.</para>
|
||||||
<!--
|
<!--
|
||||||
This port is broken as of June, 2009
|
This port is broken as of June, 2009
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue