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Add a zh_TW translation of the leap seconds article by RayCherng Yu.

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Submitted by:	RayCherng Yu <raycherng@gmail.com>
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#
# $FreeBSD$
#
# Article: Leap Seconds
DOC?= article
FORMATS?= html
WITH_ARTICLE_TOC?= YES
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
SRCS= article.xml
URL_RELPREFIX?= ../../../..
DOC_PREFIX?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"

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zh_TW.UTF-8/articles/leap-seconds/article.xml Normal file
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook XML V5.0-Based Extension//EN" "http://www.FreeBSD.org/XML/share/xml/freebsd50.dtd">
<article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0" xml:id="leapseconds" xml:lang="zh_TW">
<info>
<title>FreeBSD 對潤秒的支援</title>
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
</info>
<sect1 xml:id="leapseconds-definition">
<title>說明</title>
<para><emphasis>潤秒</emphasis>是為了同步地球自轉，與原子鐘所做的特定一秒的修正。本文描述FreeBSD 如何處理潤秒。</para>
<para>本文寫作時，下一個潤秒會發生在2015年6月30日23:59:60 CST。下一次潤秒會發生在南北美洲和亞太地區的工作日。</para>
<para>潤秒是由 <link xlink:href="http://datacenter.iers.org/"><acronym>IERS</acronym></link> 在 <link xlink:href="http://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/bulletins/-/somos/5Rgv/product/16">Bulletin C</link>所發表。</para>
<para>標準的潤秒行為描述在<link xlink:href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7164#section-3">RFC 7164</link>.。也可見 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>time2posix</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>。</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="leapseconds-posix">
<title>FreeBSD預設的潤秒處理</title>
<para>The easiest way to handle leap seconds is with the
<acronym>POSIX</acronym> time rules FreeBSD uses by default,
combined with <link xlink:href="@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/network-ntp.html"><acronym>NTP</acronym></link>.
When <citerefentry><refentrytitle>ntpd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> is running and the time is synchronized with
upstream <acronym>NTP</acronym> servers that handle leap seconds
correctly, the leap second will cause the system time to
automatically repeat the last second of the day. No other
adjustments are necessary.</para>
<para>如果上游的 <acronym>NTP</acronym> 伺服器無法正確地處理潤秒， <citerefentry><refentrytitle>ntpd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> 會在錯誤的上游伺服器發現錯誤並跳一秒後，跟著把時間跳一秒。</para>
<para>如果位使用 <acronym>NTP</acronym> ，將需要在潤秒過後，手動調整系統時鐘。</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="leapseconds-cautions">
<title>警告</title>
<para>潤秒的插入在全世界是在同一個瞬間： <acronym>UTC</acronym> 午夜。在日本，是在上午九點，在太平洋，是正午，在美洲，是傍晚，在歐洲，是晚上。</para>
<para>我們相信和預期，如果提供正確和穩定的<acronym>NTP</acronym> 服務，FreeBSD會如設計地在這次潤秒正確運作，就像在之前遇到潤秒時一樣。</para>
<para>然而我們要警告，實務上沒有應用程式曾經要求核心關於潤秒的事。我們的經驗是，如同設計，潤秒本質上是潤秒前一秒的重播，這對大部份應用程式設計師來說是意想不到的事。</para>
<para>其他作業系統或電腦可能會或可能不會像FreeBSD用同樣方法處理潤秒，沒有正確和穩定<acronym>NTP</acronym> 服務的系統一點也不會知道潤秒的發生。</para>
<para>電腦因為潤秒而當機並不是沒有聽聞，經驗上也顯示，有大量公用的<acronym>NTP</acronym> 伺服器沒有正確地處理和公告潤秒。</para>
<para>請試著確定不會因為潤秒而發生任何可怕的事情。</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="leapseconds-testing">
<title>測試</title>
<para>測試是否有使用潤秒是有可能的。由於 <acronym>NTP</acronym>的性質，測試可能要運作到潤秒前24小時。有些主要的參考時鐘來源只在潤秒前一個小時公告。詢問<acronym>NTP</acronym>行程：</para>
<screen><prompt>%</prompt> <userinput>ntpq -c 'rv 0 leap'</userinput></screen>
<para>包含<literal>leap_add_sec</literal> 的輸出指出對於潤秒的支援。潤秒前24小時，或是潤秒已經過了，會顯示<literal>leap_none</literal>。</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 xml:id="leapseconds-conclusion">
<title>結論</title>
<para>實務上，FreeBSD 的潤秒通常不是個問題。我們希望這篇概述能幫助釐清預期會遇到什麼狀況，如何使潤秒事件進行的更順利。</para>
</sect1>
</article>

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zh_TW.UTF-8/articles/leap-seconds/zh_TW.po Normal file
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msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-10-31 11:25-0600\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-10-12 19:26+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: \n"
"Language-Team: \n"
"Language: zh_TW\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.7.5\n"
#. Put one translator per line, in the form NAME <EMAIL>, YEAR1, YEAR2
msgctxt "_"
msgid "translator-credits"
msgstr "translator-credits"
#. (itstool) path: info/title
#: article.translate.xml:6
msgid "FreeBSD Support for Leap Seconds"
msgstr "FreeBSD 對潤秒的支援"
#. (itstool) path: info/pubdate
#: article.translate.xml:8
msgid ""
"$FreeBSD: head/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/leap-seconds/article.xml 46895 "
"2015-06-29 16:41:41Z wblock $"
msgstr ""
#. (itstool) path: sect1/title
#: article.translate.xml:12
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr "說明"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:14
msgid ""
"A <emphasis>leap second</emphasis> is an ad-hoc one-second correction to "
"synchronize atomic timescales with Earth rotation. This article describes "
"how FreeBSD interacts with leap seconds."
msgstr ""
"<emphasis>潤秒</emphasis>是為了同步地球自轉，與原子鐘所做的特定一秒的修正。本"
"文描述FreeBSD 如何處理潤秒。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:19
msgid ""
"As of this writing, the next leap second will occur at 2015-Jun-30 23:59:60 "
"UTC. This leap second will occur during a business day for North and South "
"America and the Asia/Pacific region."
msgstr ""
"本文寫作時，下一個潤秒會發生在2015年6月30日23:59:60 CST。下一次潤秒會發生在南"
"北美洲和亞太地區的工作日。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:24
msgid ""
"Leap seconds are announced by <link xlink:href=\"http://datacenter.iers.org/"
"\"><acronym>IERS</acronym></link> on <link xlink:href=\"http://datacenter."
"iers.org/web/guest/bulletins/-/somos/5Rgv/product/16\">Bulletin C</link>."
msgstr ""
"潤秒是由 <link xlink:href=\"http://datacenter.iers.org/\"><acronym>IERS</"
"acronym></link> 在 <link xlink:href=\"http://datacenter.iers.org/web/guest/"
"bulletins/-/somos/5Rgv/product/16\">Bulletin C</link>所發表。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:28
msgid ""
"Standard leap second behavior is described in <link xlink:href=\"https://"
"tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7164#section-3\">RFC 7164</link>. Also see "
"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>time2posix</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</"
"manvolnum></citerefentry>."
msgstr ""
"標準的潤秒行為描述在<link xlink:href=\"https://tools.ietf.org/html/"
"rfc7164#section-3\">RFC 7164</link>.。也可見 "
"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>time2posix</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</"
"manvolnum></citerefentry>。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/title
#: article.translate.xml:33
msgid "Default Leap Second Handling on FreeBSD"
msgstr "FreeBSD預設的潤秒處理"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:35
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The easiest way to handle leap seconds is with the <acronym>POSIX</acronym> "
"time rules FreeBSD uses by default, combined with <link xlink:href="
"\"@@URL_RELPREFIX@@/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/network-ntp.html"
"\"><acronym>NTP</acronym></link>. When <citerefentry><refentrytitle>ntpd</"
"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> is running and the "
"time is synchronized with upstream <acronym>NTP</acronym> servers that "
"handle leap seconds correctly, the leap second will cause the system time to "
"automatically repeat the last second of the day. No other adjustments are "
"necessary."
msgstr ""
"最簡單的處理潤秒方法使用FreeBSD預設的 <acronym>POSIX</acronym> 時間規則，並使"
"用 <link xlink:href=\"../../../../doc/zh_TW.UTF-8/books/handbook/network-ntp."
"html\"><acronym>NTP</acronym></link>。如果 "
"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>ntpd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></"
"citerefentry> 在執行，而且時間和上游正確處理潤秒的 <acronym>NTP</acronym> 伺"
"服器同步，潤秒會使系統時間自動重複當天的最後一秒。不需要其他調整。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:44
msgid ""
"If the upstream <acronym>NTP</acronym> servers do not handle leap seconds "
"correctly, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>ntpd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</"
"manvolnum></citerefentry> will step the time by one second after the errant "
"upstream server has noticed and stepped itself."
msgstr ""
"如果上游的 <acronym>NTP</acronym> 伺服器無法正確地處理潤秒， "
"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>ntpd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></"
"citerefentry> 會在錯誤的上游伺服器發現錯誤並跳一秒後，跟著把時間跳一秒。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:49
msgid ""
"If <acronym>NTP</acronym> is not being used, manual adjustment of the system "
"clock will be required after the leap second has passed."
msgstr ""
"如果位使用 <acronym>NTP</acronym> ，將需要在潤秒過後，手動調整系統時鐘。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/title
#: article.translate.xml:55
msgid "Cautions"
msgstr "警告"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:57
msgid ""
"Leap seconds are inserted at the same instant all over the world: "
"<acronym>UTC</acronym> midnight. In Japan that is mid-morning, in the "
"Pacific mid-day, in the Americas late afternoon, and in Europe at night."
msgstr ""
"潤秒的插入在全世界是在同一個瞬間： <acronym>UTC</acronym> 午夜。在日本，是在"
"上午九點，在太平洋，是正午，在美洲，是傍晚，在歐洲，是晚上。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:62
msgid ""
"We believe and expect that FreeBSD, if provided correct and stable "
"<acronym>NTP</acronym> service, will work as designed during this leap "
"second, as it did during the previous ones."
msgstr ""
"我們相信和預期，如果提供正確和穩定的<acronym>NTP</acronym> 服務，FreeBSD會如"
"設計地在這次潤秒正確運作，就像在之前遇到潤秒時一樣。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:67
msgid ""
"However, we caution that practically no applications have ever asked the "
"kernel about leap seconds. Our experience is that, as designed, leap seconds "
"are essentially a replay of the second before the leap second, and this is a "
"surprise to most application programmers."
msgstr ""
"然而我們要警告，實務上沒有應用程式曾經要求核心關於潤秒的事。我們的經驗是，如"
"同設計，潤秒本質上是潤秒前一秒的重播，這對大部份應用程式設計師來說是意想不到"
"的事。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:73
msgid ""
"Other operating systems and other computers may or may not handle the leap-"
"second the same way as FreeBSD, and systems without correct and stable "
"<acronym>NTP</acronym> service will not know anything about leap seconds at "
"all."
msgstr ""
"其他作業系統或電腦可能會或可能不會像FreeBSD用同樣方法處理潤秒，沒有正確和穩定"
"<acronym>NTP</acronym> 服務的系統一點也不會知道潤秒的發生。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:78
msgid ""
"It is not unheard of for computers to crash because of leap seconds, and "
"experience has shown that a large fraction of all public <acronym>NTP</"
"acronym> servers might handle and announce the leap second incorrectly."
msgstr ""
"電腦因為潤秒而當機並不是沒有聽聞，經驗上也顯示，有大量公用的<acronym>NTP</"
"acronym> 伺服器沒有正確地處理和公告潤秒。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:83
msgid ""
"Please try to make sure nothing horrible happens because of the leap second."
msgstr "請試著確定不會因為潤秒而發生任何可怕的事情。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/title
#: article.translate.xml:88
msgid "Testing"
msgstr "測試"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:90
msgid ""
"It is possible to test whether a leap second will be used. Due to the nature "
"of <acronym>NTP</acronym>, the test might work up to 24 hours before the "
"leap second. Some major reference clock sources only announce leap seconds "
"one hour ahead of the event. Query the <acronym>NTP</acronym> daemon:"
msgstr ""
"測試是否有使用潤秒是有可能的。由於 <acronym>NTP</acronym>的性質，測試可能要運"
"作到潤秒前24小時。有些主要的參考時鐘來源只在潤秒前一個小時公告。詢問"
"<acronym>NTP</acronym>行程："
#. (itstool) path: sect1/screen
#: article.translate.xml:96
#, no-wrap
msgid "<prompt>%</prompt> <userinput>ntpq -c 'rv 0 leap'</userinput>"
msgstr "<prompt>%</prompt> <userinput>ntpq -c 'rv 0 leap'</userinput>"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:98
msgid ""
"Output that includes <literal>leap_add_sec</literal> indicates proper "
"support of the leap second. Before the 24 hours leading up to the leap "
"second, or after the leap second has passed, <literal>leap_none</literal> "
"will be shown."
msgstr ""
"包含<literal>leap_add_sec</literal> 的輸出指出對於潤秒的支援。潤秒前24小時，"
"或是潤秒已經過了，會顯示<literal>leap_none</literal>。"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/title
#: article.translate.xml:105
msgid "Conclusion"
msgstr "結論"
#. (itstool) path: sect1/para
#: article.translate.xml:107
msgid ""
"In practice, leap seconds are usually not a problem on FreeBSD. We hope that "
"this overview helps clarify what to expect and how to make the leap second "
"event proceed more smoothly."
msgstr ""
"實務上，FreeBSD 的潤秒通常不是個問題。我們希望這篇概述能幫助釐清預期會遇到什"
"麼狀況，如何使潤秒事件進行的更順利。"
#~ msgid "$FreeBSD$"
#~ msgstr "$FreeBSD$"