doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/man/man1/expr.1

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.\" %FreeBSD: src/bin/expr/expr.1,v 1.29 2007/03/04 19:52:07 ru Exp %
.\" $FreeBSDru: frdp/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/man/man1/expr.1,v 1.2 2007/11/20 13:50:08 ru Exp $
.\" $FreeBSD$
.\"
.Dd 12 ÉÀÌÑ 2004
.Dt EXPR 1
.Os
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É ÐÉÛÅÔ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ × ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ×Ù×ÏÄ.
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îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒÙ ÉÍÅÀÔ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÄÌÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÙÈ
ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÁÔÏÒÏ× É, ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÚÁËÌÀÞÁÔØÓÑ × ËÁ×ÙÞËÉ.
÷ÓÅ ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÏÐÅÒÁÎÄÙ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ ËÁË ÞÉÓÌÁ Ó ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ 10.
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áÒÉÆÍÅÔÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÔÓÑ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÕÀ ÚÎÁËÏ×ÕÀ
ÍÁÔÅÍÁÔÉËÕ.
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.Vt intmax_t
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ÓÍÏÖÅÔ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÔØ ÁÒÉÆÍÅÔÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ É ×ÅÒÎÕÔØ ÉÎÄÉËÁÔÏÒ ÏÛÉÂËÉ.
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É ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÂÏÒÁ ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×
ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔØ ÂÅÚ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉËÉ É × ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁÍÉ
ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÁ ÑÚÙËÁ C, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÔÉÐ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
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.Pp
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÷ÓÅ ÏÎÉ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÓÌÅ×Á ÎÁÐÒÁ×Ï.
ïÐÅÒÁÔÏÒÙ Ó ÏÄÉÎÁËÏ×ÙÍ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔÏÍ ÓÇÒÕÐÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
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ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÏ ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÎÉ ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÏÊ, ÎÉ ÎÕÌ£Í.
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.Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ2 .
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ÅÓÌÉ ÎÉ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÚ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÊ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÉ ÎÅ ÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÓÑ ÒÁ×ÎÙÍ
ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ ÉÌÉ ÎÕÌÀ.
÷ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ, ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÏÌØ.
.It Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ1 Li "{=, >, >=, <, <=, !=}" Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ2
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ÃÅÌÙÍÉ ÞÉÓÌÁÍÉ.
÷ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÙ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÒÏË, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ
ÚÁ×ÉÓÑÝÕÀ ÏÔ ÒÅÇÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÈ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅË ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÑ.
òÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÑ ÒÁ×ÅÎ 1, ÅÓÌÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÅ ÓÏÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÅÄÌÉ×Ï, ÉÌÉ
0, ÅÓÌÉ ÓÏÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÅ ÌÏÖÎÏ.
.It Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ1 Li "{+, -}" Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ2
÷ÅÒÎÕÔØ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÙ ÓÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ ÉÌÉ ×ÙÞÉÔÁÎÉÑ ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×.
.It Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ1 Li "{*, /, %}" Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ2
÷ÅÒÎÕÔØ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÙ ÕÍÎÏÖÅÎÉÑ, ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ,
ÉÌÉ ÏÓÔÁÔËÁ ÏÔ ÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÃÅÌÏÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ×.
.It Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ1 Li : Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ2
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.Dq Li \&:
ÓÏÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ
.Ar ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ1
Ó
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ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ ÂÁÚÏ×ÙÍ ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÙÍ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅÍ.
òÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÏÅ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ×ÑÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ Ë ÎÁÞÁÌÕ ÓÔÒÏËÉ
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ËÒÁÊÎÅÊ ÍÅÒÅ ÏÄÎÏ ÐÏÄ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ
.Dq Li "\e(...\e)"
ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ,
ÔÏ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÁÑ
.Dq Li \e1 .
÷ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒ ÓÏÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ
ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÛÁÂÌÏÎÕ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×.
åÓÌÉ ÓÏÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÅÕÄÁÞÎÏ É ÛÁÂÌÏÎ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÐÏÄ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÒÅÇÕÌÑÒÎÏÇÏ
×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ, ÔÏ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÕÓÔÁÑ ÓÔÒÏËÁ.
÷ ÐÒÏÔÉ×ÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔÓÑ 0.
.El
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ëÒÕÇÌÙÅ ÓËÏÂËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÇÒÕÐÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ × ÐÒÉ×ÙÞÎÏÊ ÍÁÎÅÒÅ.
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ÎÅ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÌÅËÓÉÞÅÓËÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÉÑ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ
ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒÁÍÉ É ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ Ñ×ÌÑÔØÓÑ ÏÐÅÒÁÎÄÁÍÉ.
ïÐÅÒÁÎÄ, ÌÅËÓÉÞÅÓËÉ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÞÎÙÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒÕ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÔØÓÑ, ËÁË
ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ.
óÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÎÉÖÅ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ.
.Pp
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× ÏÂÝÅÍ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÔÏÒÉÞÅÓËÉ ÓÌÏÖÉ×ÛÉÍÓÑ É ÎÅÕÄÏÂÎÙÍ.
÷ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑÈ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ
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ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÁÒÉÆÍÅÔÉËÕ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÇÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÁÔÏÒÁ.
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4.x,
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.Tn POSIX ,
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ÒÁÓÓÍÁÔÒÉ×ÁÌÓÑ, ËÁË ÏÐÃÉÑ Ë ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ.
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.Fl Fl
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÔÁËÏÊ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÉ.
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.Nm ,
×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÔÕ, ÞÔÏ ÂÙÌÁ × ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ
.Fx ,
ÎÅ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÌÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓ.
óÍÏÔÒÉÔÅ ÎÉÖÅ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÍÙÈ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏ× ÄÌÑ ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÊ
ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÁÃÉÉ.
þÔÏÂÙ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ, ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÌÉ ÂÙÔØ ÁËÔÉ×ÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ,
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ
.Xr check_utility_compat 3
(ÇÄÅ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
.Fa utility
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ
.Dq Li expr ) .
üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å
×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ÓÒÅÄÓÔ×Á ÐÒÉ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÅ É ÏÔÌÁÄËÅ, ËÏÇÄÁ
.Nm
ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ × ÓÌÏÖÎÙÈ ÓÃÅÎÁÒÉÑÈ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÌÅÇËÏ
ÐÅÒÅÄÅÌÁÎÙ ÔÁË, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÉÚÂÅÖÁÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÅÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÍÙÈ ËÏÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ.
÷ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÒÅÖÉÍÁ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ
ÔÁËÖÅ ËÏÓ×ÅÎÎÏ ÁËÔÉ×ÉÒÕÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ
.Fl e ,
ÔÁË ËÁË ÜÔÏ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÉÓÔÏÒÉÞÅÓËÏÍÕ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÀ
.Nm
×Ï
.Fx .
ðÏ ÉÓÔÏÒÉÞÅÓËÉÍ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÁÍ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ
.Ev EXPR_COMPAT
ÔÁËÖÅ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ.
.Sh ïëòõöåîéå
.Bl -tag -width ".Ev EXPR_COMPAT"
.It Ev EXPR_COMPAT
åÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÁ, ×ËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ.
.El
.Sh óôáôõó úá÷åòûåîéñ
õÔÉÌÉÔÁ
.Nm
ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÁÅÔÓÑ Ó ÏÄÎÉÍ ÉÚ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÏ×:
.Bl -tag -width indent -compact
.It 0
÷ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÎÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÎÉ ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÏÊ, ÎÉ ÎÕÌ£Í.
.It 1
÷ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÕÓÔÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÏÊ ÉÌÉ ÎÕÌ£Í.
.It 2
÷ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ.
.El
.Sh ðòéíåòù
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÷ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÉÎÔÁËÓÉÓ
.Xr sh 1 )
ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÅÄÉÎÉÃÁ Ë ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
.Va a :
.Dl "a=$(expr $a + 1)"
.It
üÔÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÓÑ, ÅÓÌÉ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ
.Va a
Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÙÍ ÞÉÓÌÏÍ.
þÔÏÂÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÔÉÔØ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÕ ÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÊ
.Va a
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.Nm
ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÒÅÏÂÒÁÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÙÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÔÁË:
.Dl "a=$(expr 1 + $a)"
.It
÷ ÏÂÝÅÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ, ÚÁËÌÀÞÁÊÔÅ × ÓËÏÂËÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÅ ÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ:
.Dl "a=$(expr \e( $a \e) + 1)"
.It
÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÍÑ ÆÁÊÌÁ, ×ÙÞÌÅÎÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÉÚ ÐÕÔÉ, ÈÒÁÎÑÝÅÇÏÓÑ
× ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
.Va a .
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.Va a
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÐÕÔØ
.Pa / ,
ÔÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÔÉÔØ ÅÇÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÕ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÏÐÅÒÁÔÏÒÁ ÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ.
ðÁÒÁ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
.Li //
ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÅÔ ÜÔÕ ÎÅÏÄÎÏÚÎÁÞÎÏÓÔØ.
.Dl "expr \*q//$a\*q \&: '.*/\e(.*\e)'"
.El
.Pp
÷ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÁÈ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔÓÑ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Ï ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× × ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
.Va a .
é ÓÎÏ×Á, ÅÓÌÉ
.Va a
ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÔØÓÑ Ó ÄÅÆÉÓÁ, ÔÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÔÉÔØ ÅÇÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÕ ×
ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÏÐÃÉÉ Ë
.Nm .
.Bl -bullet
.It
åÓÌÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ
.Nm
ÕÄÏ×ÌÅÔ×ÏÒÑÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÕ
.St -p1003.1-2001 ,
ÔÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ:
.Dl "expr -- \*q$a\*q \&: \*q.*\*q"
.It
äÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÎÏÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÎÁ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÌÏÖÎÁÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ:
.Dl "expr \e( \*qX$a\*q \&: \*q.*\*q \e) - 1"
.El
.Sh óíïôòé ôáëöå
.Xr sh 1 ,
.Xr test 1 ,
.Xr check_utility_compat 3
.Sh óôáîäáòôù
õÔÉÌÉÔÁ
.Nm
ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÕ
.St -p1003.1-2001 ,
ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅ ÁËÔÉ×ÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ.
æÌÁÇ
.Fl e
Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅÍ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÁ.